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World Health Organization. Legal Status of Traditional medicine
and Complementary/Alternative Medicine: a Worldwide Review. Geneva,
Switzerland: WHO, 2001•World Health Organization. Traditional
Medicines Strategy: 2002-2005. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 2002.
•World Health Organization. Guidelines on Developing Consumer
Information on Proper use of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative
Medicine. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 2004
• In the year 2000 The Consortium of Academic Health Centers
for Integrative Medicine, (CAHCIM) was founded in the USA in order
to promote CAM research and training. It gathers more than 30 universities.
The Consortium developed and adopted on May 2004 and edited on May
2005 the following Definition of Integrative Medicine: ‘Integrative
Medicine is the practice of medicine that reaffirms the importance
of the relationship between practitioner and patient, focuses on
the whole person, is informed by evidence, and makes use of all
appropriate therapeutic approaches, healthcare professionals and
disciplines to achieve optimal health and healing.’
www.imconsortium.org
Duodecimin juhlavuoden sanakilpailun tulokset. Kielen kärjestä.
Duodecim 1996;112(5):438.
Commission report to the European Parliament and the Council on
the application of Directives 92/73 and 92/74. • The Legal
Situation with regard to the Practice of Homeopathy in Europe, revised
report, June 2002, European Council for Classical Homeopathy (ECCH).www.homeopathy-ecch.org/content/view/44/63/
- 104k .
•Manheimer E, Berman B. Cochrane Complementary Medicine Field.
About The Cochrane Collaboration (Fields) 2006, Issue 1. Art. No.:
CE000052. http://www.compmed.umm.edu/Cochrane/index.html
•di Sarsina, P-R. 2007. The Social Demand for a Medicine
Focused on the Person: The Contribution of CAM to Healthcare and
Healthgenesis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med.; 4(Suppl 1):
45–51. doi: 10.1093/ecam/nem094.:
The European Network of Homeopathy Researchers (ENHR). Positive
Homeopathy Research and Surveys 2005, 2007. www.worldhomeopathy.org/PositiveHomeopathy.pdf
The European Network of Homeopathy Researchers (ENHR). Positive
Homeopathy Research and Surveys 2005, 2007. www.worldhomeopathy.org/PositiveHomeopathy.pdf
•The Research Evidence Base for Homeopathy The BHA and the
Faculty of Homeopathy www.trusthomeopathy.org/case/res_researchstrategy.html
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•Haidvogl M, et al. 2007. Homeopathic and conventional treatment
for acute respiratory and ear complaints: A comparative study on
outcome in the primary care setting. Complement Altern Med. 2007
Mar 2;7 (1):7. Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Homeopathy, Graz,
Austria. max.haidvogl@meduni-graz.at
•Spence DS, Thompson EA, Barron SJ. 2005. Homeopathic Treatment
for Chronic Disease: A 6-Year, University-Hospital Outpatient Observational
Study. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, Vol. 11,
No. 5, 793-798. http://www.liebertonline.com/toc/acm/11/5. Pitkäaikais-seurantatutkimus
6 vuoden ajan Bristolin homeopaattisessa sairaalassa, UK, Tutkimukseen
osallistui 6544 kroonisesti sairasta potilasta joista 70% vointi
parani merkittävästi.
•Witt CM, Lüdtke R, Baur R, Willich SN. (2005) Homeopathic
Medical Practice: Long-term results of a Cohort Study with 3,981
Patients. BMC Public Health, 5:115. The full article can be downloaded
- free of charge - from http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/5/115Observational
Study on Homeopathic Treatment. 3981 patients, over 70% positive
result
Frei H. 2001. Langzeitverlauf chronischer erkrankungen unter homöopathische
behandlung. eine prospektive outcome-studie über zwei jahre,
Zeitschrift für klassische Homöopathie 64-71. Frei, H.
2001. Langzeitverlauf chronischer erkrankungen unter homöopathische
behandlung. eine prospektive outcome-studie über zwei jahre,
Zeitschrift für klassische Homöopathie 64-71.
•Unio Homoeopathica Belgica, An observational stud yof patients
receiving homeopathic treatment
(An observational study of 782 unselected patientsreceiving homeopathic
treatment in Belgium from 80 general practitioners). Survey 2001.Melchart
D, Mitscherlich F, Amiet M, Eichenberger R, Koch P.
Kuzeff-RM . 1998. Homeopathy, sensation of well-being and CD4 levels:
a placebo-controlled, randomized trial. Complement Ther Med. Mar;
6(1):4-9. UK.
Cost-Effectiveness studies
•Schafer T, Riehle A, Wichmann HE, RingJ. Alternative medicine
in allergies—prevalence, patterns of use, and costs. Allergy
2002; 57: 694–700.: In a study of 351 adults suffering from
allergies, 35.3% received homeopathic treatment, the researchers
concluded that alternative medicine is used widely for allergies
by the general populationand is associated with considerable costs.
This has freedom of choice and cost-benefit implications forthe
healthcare system and health policy. The study also showed that
alternative medicine users werebetter educated than non-users, and
assessed the results of alternative medicine as very good (28.6%)
or rather good (53.8%).
• Christie EA, Ward AT. Report on NHS practice-based homoeopathy
project. Analysis of effectiveness and cost of homoeopathic treatment
within ad GP practice at St. Margaret’s Surgery, Bradford
on Avon, Wilts. September 1996. The Society of Homeopaths. ISBH
1 901262 006.: In a survey of 223 patients in an NHS General Practice,
the number of consultations with general practitioners was reduced
by 70 % in a 1 year period. Expenses for medication were reduced
by 50 % when homeopathic treatment was made available.
•Swayne J. The cost, effectiveness of homoeopathy. A pilot
study, proposals for future research. Br
Homoeopath J 1992; 81: 148–150. :A study of the cost and effectiveness
of homeopathy suggested that doctors practising homeopathy issue
fewer prescriptions and at a lower cost than their colleagues. The
main costs for homeopathic treatment are for consultations with
each individual patient. Costs for the actual medications used are
relatively low, particularly when compared with conventional drugs.
Lindholm LH. et al. 2004. Atenolol in hypertension: is it a wise
choice? Lancet; 364:1684-9.
•Sachs, S. et al. 2007. Effectiveness of Adjunctive Antidepressant
Treatment for Bipolar Depression. New England Journal of Medicine
April, Number 17.
www.nytimes.com/2007/11/25/magazine/25memoir-t.html -
•Angell, M. 2005. Der Pharma bluff. ISBN-10: 3980662195.
ISBN-13: 9783980662192. www.medienshop.de
The World Health Organization, with resolution no. WHA56 31 dated
May 28, 2003, invites the Member States to formulate and implement
policies and national regulations on NCM, and to give special attention
to personnel training. The best position statement on the practice
of CAM at European level was produced by the Council of Europe in
a resolution in 1999 Resolution 1206.
•Resolution on the status of non-conventional medicines.
A4-0075/97
www.asiatraditionalmedicine.it/archivio/file/000/schede/Resolution_C182_1997.doc
•World Health Organization. Integrating Homeopathy in Health
Systems, Genéve, Switzerland, 1999
A European approach to Nonconventional Medicines. Resolution 1206,
Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France, 4. 11. 1999. A4-0378/98,
s 25-27. The membership of the Council of Europe embraces all European
countries including the EU 27. On November 4, 1999 the Council of
Europe published the Resolution no. 1206 on non-conventional medicine.
In it the Council stated that: various forms of medicine should
not compete with one another; it is possible for them to exist side
by side and complement one another; alternative or complementary
forms of medicine could be practiced by doctors of conventional
medicine as well as by well-trained practitioners of non-conventional
medicine; a patient could consult one or the other, either upon
referral by family doctor or of his/her free will; ethical principals
should prevail; Member States should model their approach of their
neighbors’ experiments and, whenever possible, co-ordinate
their position with regard to these medicines.
AKM-registerutredningen. SOU 2004:123.
Norges offentlige utredninger, NOU 1998:21 Alternativ medisin.
(Official report published by the NorwegianDepartment of Health.
Available at: http://odin.dep.no/hd/norsk/publ/utredninger/NOU/030005-020019/index-ved005-b-n-a.html).
•Ot.prp. nr. 27 (2002-2003). Om lov om alternativ behandling
av sykdom mv.
•Lakikokoelma Islannin lait, 1. helmikuuta 2006. Luku 132a.
•Homeopaatin II ja III ammattistandardi on vahvistettu 4.12.2006.
Eestin Terveydenhuollon ja Sosiaalityön ammattineuvoston päätöksellä
nro 27. Eesti Majanduse Tegevusalade Klassifikaatori. järgi
kuulub homöopaatia muude tervishoiu sidusalade valdkonda, kood
8514. Ametite klassifikaatori järgi kuulub homöopaat 3.pearühma
“Keskastme spetsialistid ja tehnikud, kood 3229. www.kutsekoda.ee
di Sarsina, P-R. 2007. The Social Demand for a Medicine Focused
on the Person: The Contribution of CAM to Healthcare and Healthgenesis.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med.; 4(Suppl 1): 45–51. doi:
10.1093/ecam/nem094.
Lääkedirektiivi 2001/83/EY artikla 14 ja 16.
• Euroopan parlamentin ja neuvoston direktiivi 2004/27/EY.
di Sarsina, P-R. 2007. The Social Demand for a Medicine Focused
on the Person: The Contribution of CAM to Healthcare and Healthgenesis.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med.; 4(Suppl 1): 45–51. doi:
10.1093/ecam/nem094. |